短文改错规律

短文改错规律篇一：短文改错规律探究

1. 着手篇章，了解大意

考生做短文改错时，不应急于改错，而应先把文章浏览一遍，弄清文章的脉络层次和中心思想，把握作者所采用的时态、语态、人称和数。可以先把短文中明显的错误(如固定词组、词性、单复数)或认为有可能的错误(如句子结构的错误)用铅笔轻轻地标出来，为下一步正式改错做准备。

2. 逐句分析，依句改错

在短文改错中，题随行出、错随句生。因此，考生应在略读全文、把握文章中心思想的基础上，对文章进行逐行逐句研究，从词汇的用法、句子的结构到文章的篇章逻辑都要进行仔细地推敲，把错误之处一一改正过来，切不可孤立地依行改错。若一时发现不了错误，不要揪住一处不放而耽搁太多时间。可以在全文改完以后，再回过头来进行难点突破。若已改出了八、九处错误，剩余一两处实在找不出错误而时间又来不及时，则大胆地打上钩，不留空白。当然，有些考生在考试过程中由于紧张而脾气急躁，一看找不到错处就到处打勾，这也是不明智的。因为近几年来，该题的出题方式基本稳定，只有一处是正确的。

3. 复读全文，检查核对

考生在做完短文改错题后，务必要把已改好的短文复读一遍，查看是否出现疏漏或遗漏的地方，特别要注意时态、语态、代词所指及人称和数等篇章逻辑方面的问题，检查无误后方可定稿作答。

2008高考英语短文改错分类解析—名词

一、考点规律分析

短文改错的名词考点主要涉及名词的单复数问题，即在该用复数的地方误用其单数，或在该用单数的地方误用其复数。

二、真题单句归纳

(1) We stopped to rest for a while and to drink some waters from a stream. ________(全国卷)

(2) We climb everywhere, not only in America. We have been to Europe many time. ________ (全国卷)

(3) There are branch library in many villages. ________ (全国卷)

(4) I hope that you two could come and visit us some times soon. ________ (全国卷)

(5) Today I visited the Smiths — my first time visit to an American family. ________ (全国卷)

(6) They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question. ________全国卷)

(7) We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics. ________ (全国卷)

(8) ?and often watch football match on TV together. ________ (全国卷)

(9) Happy birthday, Peter, and many happy return of the day! ________北京春季卷)

(10) She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success. ________ (全国卷)

(11) I used to love science class — all of them— biology, chemistry, geography, physics. ________ (北京春季卷)

(12) They did not want me to do any work at family. ________ (全国卷)

(13) ?so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject. ________ (全国卷)

(14) On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. ________ (全国卷)

(15) No one worries much about the radio program young people listen to. ________ (北京春季卷)

(16) Their word were a great encouragement to me. ________ (全国卷)

(17) You know, that was a dinner we had waited for several month.” ________ (江苏卷)

(18) ?but after class we become stranger at once. ________ (全国卷)

(19) You can find all kinds of information in just a few minute on the Internet. ________ (广西卷)

(20) Nowadays millions of people of all age take pleasure in a hobby?________ (浙江卷)

(21) She was doing her homeworks one Sunday morning when? ________ (福建卷)

(22) Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well. ________ (湖北卷)

三、模拟单句演练

(1) Women live longer than men in most country. ________

(2) The film is very interesting. I have seen it many time. ________

(3) It’s said that all the ticket have been sold out. ________

(4) The children spend a lot of times watching TV. ________

(5) I met a lot of interesting peoples on holiday. ________

(6) The flower in the park were all pleasing. ________

(7) As the day went by, she became less anxious. ________

(8) Computer are becoming more and more popular in the country. ________

(9) It’s one of the most interesting book that I’ve ever read. ________

(10) He made his first time visit to China when he was 18. ________

(11) Hearing the news, the woman burst into tear. ________

(12) He hasn’t lived here long, but he has a great many friend here. ________

(13) I was afraid she would have left for family when I got there. ________

(14) He’s getting married next month and decides to buy some furnitures. ________

(15) There’s a paper’s factory near our school. ________

2008高考英语短文改错分类解析----代词

一、考点规律分析

短文改错对代词的考查主要涉及人称代词的前后一致性(包括指代的一致性和单复数的一致性)、人称代词的主格与宾语变化、各类代词的误加与漏用(尤其是一些易受汉语影响的结构)、某些不定代词的用法(尤其是在意思上用错)、代词在某些习语中的用法等。

二、真题单句归纳

(1) David pointed to a path which it he thought would probably lead to a village. ________ (全国卷)

(2) When we walked to the car, Bill smiled and shook head. ________ (全国卷)

(3) We climb everywhere, not only in America. They have been to Europe many times. ________ (全国)

(4) And I can’t forget the good food you cooked for I. ________ (全国卷)

(5) I hope that both you two could come and visit us some time soon. ________ (全国卷)

(6) The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. ________ (全国卷)

(7) And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game. ________ (全国卷)

(8) Now I can’t watch much television, but a few years ago? ________ (全国卷)

(9) Now someone at home reads instead. ________ (全国卷)

(10) I’m spend all the whole weekend reading and preparing for it. ________ (北京春季卷)

(11) The day before the speech contest(比赛) English teacher talked to me. ________ (全国卷)

(12) I think I liked those classes because I felt that it helped me understand what the world works. _______ (北京春季卷)

(13) ?in any other words, I am an only child. ________ (全国卷)

(14) For example, when he bought a chocolate cake, he put them in a secret place I couldn’t find. ________ (北京春季卷)

(15) Then he ate it all, by himself. He never helped other. ________ (北京春季卷)

(16) The three of them were very excited. ________ (全国卷)

(17) But his parents think going to college is more important than playing sports and college is the only place for a smart boy like his son. ________ (安徽春季卷)

(18) According to studies, any children spend more time watching television than they spend in school. ( ) (北京春季卷)

(19) ?and tried to translate anything into English. ________ (全国卷)

(20) ?as I was learning to express me in simple English. ________ (全国卷)

(21) One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. ________ (全国卷)

(21) At once I apologize and controlled me at my best till the dinner started. ________ (江苏卷)

(22) And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of your own ________ (浙江卷)

(23) If any one of us had any difficulty in our life or study, the other would help him out. ________ (天津卷)

(24) What’s more, you have to be friendly with your pupils and take good care of him. ________ (湖北卷)

三、模拟单句演练

(1) Here are some letters for you and he. ________

(2) She loves swimming. It keeps she fit. ________

(3) Here are the cats Auntie brought us. Take good care of it. ________

(4) Everyone here gets up earlier than her does. ________

(5) Here is my dog. It’s name is Petty. ________

(6) He opened mouth as if to say something. ________

(7) Don’t lose your heart. Try again. ________

(8) The Smiths have been married, but have no children of his own. ________

(9) I tell him everything, for he is a good friend of me. ________

(10) He smiled at her and laid her hand on hers. ________

(11) When you are awa

y from home, you should look after you. ________

(12) If you have any question, put up hand. ________

(13) It’s a very important thing. You must think over carefully. ________

(14) I don’t like these; please show me some other. ________

(15) In order to catch the thief, the police did his best. ________

(16) This is the book which you bought it for me ten years ago. ________

(17) I’m very sorry about all the whole thing. ________

(18) When I got up, I found parents were preparing breakfast for me. ________

(19) Yes, money is very important, but it is not anything. ________

(20) At the airport, all his baggage was stolen, but soon he got them back. ________

2008高考英语短文改错分类解析-冠词

一、考点规律分析

短文改错对冠词的考查主要涉及冠词的误加和漏用，有时也考查不定冠词与定冠词以及零冠词的用法区别(包括 a 与 an 的区别)。其中，涉及最多的是，当一个单数可数名词表示泛指时，其前漏用不定冠词；另外，冠词在一些习语中的用法也是一个重要考点。

二、真题单句归纳

(1) After a hour or so we began to feel very frightened. (a 改为 an，因 hour 读音以元音开头) (全国卷)

(2) I decided to climb the tree to see where we were. (the 改为 a，因此处并非特指，而是泛指) (全国卷)

(2) Some people read the books or watch television while others have sports. (去掉 the，因这里的 books 表泛指，不表特指) (全国卷)

(3) Good health is person’s most valuable possession. (person’s 前加 a，这里的 a 表泛指) (全国卷)

(4) Modern people know more about the health, have better food, and live in clearer surroundings. (去掉 the，因health 表泛指) (全国卷)

(5) There is public library in every town in Britain. (public library 前加 a，因这里的 public library 是单数可数名词表泛指，故在其前用 a) (全国卷)

(6) Maybe you could come during a winter holidays. (a 改为 the，因从含义上看，此处的 winter holidays 属特指或者是谈话双方都知道的) (全国卷)

(7) Today I visited the Smiths — my first visit to a American family. (a 改为 an，因 American 的读音以元音开头) (全国卷)

(8) Each player must obey captain, who is the leader of the team. (captain 前加冠词 the，captain 为特指) (全国卷)

(9) Some wanted to see the programme while others preferred another. (the 改为 one，one 与下一行的 another 构成“一个??另一个”) (全国卷)

(10) I’ll take this chance to wish you wonderful time on your birthday. (wonderful 前加 a，该表达与 have a good time

类似，其中的 a 不可省) (北京春季卷)

(11) Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd. (去掉 a，catch sight of 是习语，意为“看见、瞥见”) (全国卷)

(12) For example, when I was a child, the rain was a mystery(奥秘). (去掉 the，rain 在此泛指) (北京春季卷)

(13) We may be one family and live under a same roof. (a 改为 the，因 same 前应用定冠词) (全国卷)

(14) As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.(在 famous 前加 a，注意 mountain 是单数可数名词) (全国卷)

(15) My teacher advised me to keep my diary. (my diary 改为 a diary，keep a diary 意为“写日记”) (全国卷)

(16) When I was boy, the most exciting thing was to celebrate the Spring Festival. (boy 前加 a，因 boy 为可数名词) (江苏卷)

(16) On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend. (a 改为 the，因这不是泛指的周末，而是特指本周周末)(四川卷)

(17) And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of their own and discover an interest which can even

last lifetime. (lifetime 前加a，指人的一生是 a lifetime) (浙江卷)

(18) Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out fire. (fire 前加 the，因这是特指的一场火灾) (福建卷)

(19) As we all left home at early age,? (early前加an，at an early age意为“在年幼时”) (天津卷)

(20) My grandma was the best cooker in the world but could make the most delicious dishes. (cooker 改为cook，比较：

cook=炊事员，cooker=炊具) (江苏卷)

三、模拟单句演练

(1) Her sister, who is nurse, will marry one of the doctors in the hospital.

(2) It was such wonderful dinner that we enjoyed it very much.

(3) It was raining hard, so I had to borrow a umbrella.

(4) My friend Mary comes from an European country.

(5) Mr Smith used to be physics teacher till he turned writer.

(6) In small village like this, everybody knows everybody else.

(7) Only few of the children can read such books.

(8) For long time neither of us spoke to each other.

(9) Look, a girl in blue is my cousin.

(10) Look! A car has stopped there. A car is beautiful.

(11) She asked whether we came from a same city.

(12) The mountain was covered with the snow all the year round.

(13) You don’t know what wonderful time we’ve had.

(14) People made the fun of her because she wore such strange clothes.

(15) Soon the plane was out of the sight.

(16) Great changes have taken the place in my hometown since 1978.

(17) In the word, he is a good student and all of us like him.

(18) You say you took the book without his permission. In the other words, you stole it.

【参考答案】

(1) nurse 前加 a，因 nurse 为可数名词。

(2) such 后加 a，dinner 受形容词修饰时，其前通常要加不定冠词。

(3) a 改为 an，因 umbrella 的读音以元音开头。

(4) an 改为 a，因 European 的读音不是以元音开头。

(5) physics 前加 a，因 teacher 为可数名词。

(6) small 前加 a，因 village 为可数名词，在句中表泛指。

(7) few 前加 a，因其前有 only 修饰，即习惯上说 only a few。

(8) long 前加 a，a long time 意为“很长一段时间”。

(9) a 改为 the，此处为特指用法。

(10) 第二个 A 改为 The，特指前面已提到的事物。

(11) a 改为 the，因 same 前习惯上用定冠词，不用不定冠词。

(12) 去掉 the，在此 snow 为泛指用法。

(13) wonderful 前加 a，因 have a wonderful time 为习惯表达。

(14) 去掉 the，因 make fun of 为习语，意为“取笑”。

(15) 去掉 the，因 out of sight 为习语，意为“看不见”。

(16) 去掉 the，因 take place为习语，意为“发生”。

(17) the 改为 a，因 in a word 为习语，意为“总之”、“一句话”。

(18) 去掉 the，因 in other words 为习语，意为“换句话说”。

2008高考英语短文改错分类解析-形容词与副词

一、考点规律分析

短文改错对形容词与副词的考查主要涉及形容词和副词比较等级的误用(尤其是在本身已是比较级的词前误加more)、形容词与副词的混用(如修饰动词时误用形容词或修饰名词时误用副词)等，另外，用作表语时该用形容词的却误用了名词、简短副词(如 in, down 等)的误加与漏用、涉及形容词搭配的as?as 结构、how 与 what 的混用等也是常考的考点。

二、真题单句归纳

(1) After an hour or so we began to feel very frightening. (frightening 改为 frightened，因它表示某人感到害怕，而不是令人害怕) (全国卷)

(2) Charles said, “As soon as I see a realy tall building, I want to climb it. (realy 改为 really 或 real，若改为 really，则修饰 tall；若改为 real，则修饰 building) (全国卷)

(3) Last Sunday, police cars hurry to the taller building in New York. (taller 改为 tallest，因从含义上看此处应是最高级) (全国卷)

(4) As a result, people in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past. (去掉 more，因为 longer 本身已是比较级，不能再受 more 修饰) (全国卷)

(5) Therefore, there are still some countries where people have shorter lives. (Therefore 改为 However，因此处语意转折) (全国卷)

(6) People in industrial countries can expect to live for twice so long as people who lived a few hundred years ago. (so long as 改为 as long as，其意为“与??一样长”) (全国卷)

(7) In some places you may borrow many books as you want. (many 之前加 as，因as ... as 结构不完整) (全国卷)

(8) I told Mother, Father, Sister and all my friends here that a great time I had. (that 改为 what) (全国卷)

(9) I never knew a ride down a river could be so much exciting. (去掉 much，因 much 不能用来修饰形容词的原级，尽管它可用来修饰比较级和最高级) (全国卷)

(10) I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (wonderfully 改为 wonderful，因它是放在名词前作定语) (全国卷)

(11) First, let me tell you something more about myself. (去掉 more，因从上下文看，这是第一次给对方写信，不存在谈谈“更多情况”的问题) (全国卷)

(12) I used to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. (interesting 改为 interested，be interested in 意为“对??感兴趣”) (全国卷)

(13) Also, the sport teaches us the important of obedience. (important 改为 importance，teach 后可接名词或代词作宾语，但不接形容词作宾语) (全国卷)

(14) Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. (Unfortunate 改为 Unfortunately，因此处要求用副词作状语) (全国卷)

(15) I think I liked those classes because I felt that they helped me understand what the world works. (what 改为 how，how 在此表示方式) (北京春季卷)

短文改错规律篇二：高考英语短文改错出题规律及应试策略

高考英语短文改错出题规律及应试策略

短文改错是集多项语法规则和多种语言技能于一身的综合能力测试题型。此题型要求学生根据语法结构、词汇意义、上下文等进行综合判断，找出错误，考查学生在语篇中对语言的观察能力、评价能力，以及综合运用英语的准确性能力。短文改错的语言材料往往取自于学生的作品，词数在100-120左右；短文为常见话题或学生身边事，以书信、日记、记叙文为主； 语言简单易懂，没有生僻的语言现象或繁难的语句结构。然而，很多同学在做此题时不知如何下手，特别是在读不懂文章的时候，草草了事，得分率很低。尤其，09年浙江英语高考卷的短文改错题进行了改版，就是没有给学生制定哪一行有错，而是让学生在阅读过程中自己寻找，这在一定程度上加大了难度。其实，不管以怎样的形式出题，短文改错都是有规律可循的。如果熟悉出题规律，有效掌握解题思路，此类题目就会迎刃而解。下面总结了几点出题规律和解题思路。

一．出题规律以及破解关键：

1.名词：单复数混用；不可数名词误用可数名词。如：

(1) One rainy day while I was walking home with one of my friend,…

讲解： one of后跟名词的复数形式，应此应该把friend改为friends。

(2) I gave him some advices on study.

讲解： advice为不可数名词，故应把advices改为advice。

常考的不可数名词有：progress，information，news，equipment等。

2. 动词：时态、主谓是否一致、语态、非谓语动词。如：

(1). 时态混用

I stood there and couldn’t believe that a complete stranger is so thoughtful.

讲解：很显然此句子主时态是一般过去式，因此应把is改为was。

(2).主谓不一致

There were a football game on TV last Saturday evening.

讲解：句中a football game决定了谓语动词必须用单数，所以应该把were改为was。

(3). 语态

Dinosaurs were disappeared in the old times.

讲解：“恐龙消失”是主动，所以应该把were去掉。

英语中不及物动词没有被动。如：appear，happen，break out，take place等。

(4).非谓语动词

The hole became bigger and bigger. The air keeps the balloon up was escaping…

讲解：第二句的主谓语动词是was escaping，keeping the balloon up,是V- ing形式作定语修饰the air，因此应把keeps改为keeping 。

It was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expect anything in return.

讲解：在结构it is / was + adj. to do sth…中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to do sth。因此在give前加to。without是介词，介词后跟V-ing形式，故expect改为expecting。

3. 形容词/副词：两者之间是否混用；级别的错误。如：(1) …so I grateful accepted the offer. 讲解：实意动词应用副词修饰，故把grateful改为gratefully。

英语中形容词往往用来修饰名词或跟在系动词后作表语等；副词修饰动词、形容词、整个句子等。

(2) Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his better-known one.

讲解：better-known应该改为best-known。三或三者以上比较用最高级；句中of all the songs提供了信息。

(3) John studies much more harder than any of the others.

讲解：harder已经是比较级形式，因此把more去掉。

形容词和副词比较级前可用much，still，even，a lot，rather等来修饰。

4. 代词：代词一致；代词的格；代词误用。如：(1) The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. 讲解：the Smiths指“史密斯夫妇俩”，因此应该把his改为their。

(2) Tom sits between Mary and I.

讲解：between是介词，介词后跟人称代词的宾格，故把I改为me。

(3) I can express me in English freely.

讲解：me改为myself。当主语和宾语指的是同一个人时，宾语往往用反身代词。

(4) I find difficult to make friends with you. 我发现跟你交朋友很难。

讲解：在find后加it。英语中，形式主语、形式宾语用it。

(5) …he preferred to give it to everyone else.

讲解：根据句意，everyone改为someone。someone else意为“其他人”。

5. 介词：词组搭配（名词词组、介词短语和短语动词）中的介词错用、多余或缺漏；介词混用。如：

(1) 介词缺漏

Tell them something you’re interested,…

讲解：be interested in sth意为“对……感兴趣”，因此在interested后加in。

(2) 介词多余

People like swimming in summer because of water makes them feel cool.

讲解： 此题考查对because of与because用法的辨别区分。前者不能接句子，而后者充当连词可以接句子。所以应该把of去掉。

(3) 介词用错(一般为固定搭配)

Could you share your experiences for us?

讲解：share sth. with sb.意思是“与某人分享某事”，故把for改为with。

（4）介词混用

…a truck came to a stop besides us.

讲解：一辆卡车在我旁边停下来，因此把besides改为beside。

6 . 冠词：句中冠词是否多余；冠词误用。如：

(1) Although we have been members for a short period of time ,we have made a great progress.

讲解：progress是不可数名词，故前不能用不定冠词，因此把great progress前的a去掉。（此处与名词考点结合）

(2) I sat in the front of the TV at 7 o’clock, when the game just began.

讲解：区分in front of sth和in the front of sth。in the front of sth指在事物(sth)内部空间的前面，比如说I prefer to travel in the front of the car.(我愿意坐在汽车的前面)；而in front of sth是指事物(sth)外部空间的前面，比如说the car stops in front of the house(汽车停在房前)。因此原文中应该把the去掉。

(3) As we all left home at early age, we met lots of problems in our daily life.

讲解：at an ---- age固定搭配词组，表示“出于---年龄”，比如说at an early/tender age，可以翻译为“很小/年幼的时候”

(4) …and offered us a umbrella because ….

讲解：把a改为an。冠词后单词的第一个音是元音，用an。例：an honest man，an important role；a useful book，a university。

7．连词：前后两句之间的衔接关系；连词的混用。如：

(1) This man might need the umbrella himself, and he preferred to give it to…

讲解：连词前后两个句子之间是转折关系，因此把and改为but。

I didn’t review the text very well but I could only answer three out from the twenty questions.

讲解：连词前后两个句子之间是因果关系，因此把but改为so。

此考点的关键在于判断行文逻辑正确与否。

(2) While I first entered my senior middle school, everything seemed unpleasant.

讲解：while作连词，“当……时”，后跟的从句谓语动词须为延续性动词，因此把while改成when。

Although he made great progress, but he still worked hard.

讲解：although / though不能与but连用，因此把but去掉。

8. 数词：基数词序数词混用。如：We held a party on my sixteen birthday.讲解：把sixteen改为sixteenth。

9. 句式：定语从句；名词性从句（that与what或which与what之间的转换等）；强调句；倒装句等。如：

(1) I’m going to see the film I missed it last Friday.

讲解：把it去掉；I missed 是省略了that的定语从句，it多余。

My father has two brothers, both of them are all Party members.

讲解：句子之间需要连接词衔接。这是一个含有定语从句的主从复合句，故把both of them改为both of whom。

(2) We Chinese people have always been concerned about which has happened in your area.

讲解：原文中需要一个连接词承接前后连个句子，这个连接词充当be concerned about引导宾语从句中的主语，所以应该把which改为what。

(3) The problem was very difficult that no one could solve it.

讲解：根据句意“这道题很难没有人能解答出”，so / such…that固定搭配“如此……以至于……”，因此把very改为so。

二、解题思路 ：

首先，快速浏览全文，把握文章的主要时态、人称及文章的主旨大意，顺便标记自己一眼就能看出的错误。然后，细读文章的每一句话。一般要结合文章的前后句以及出题规律来仔细推敲。最后，代入已经修改完成的答案通读全文，看其是否通顺。

短文改错规律篇三：短文改错是有一定的规律可循的

短文改错是有一定的规律可循的，纵观近几年的高考试题及我们平常的模拟考试，可以发现短文改错主要有以下十大错误：

1. 形容词与副词的误用。如exciting与excited，hard与hardly，possible与possibly，here与there等，以及形容词与副词的比较级与最高级。

2. 名词的单复数误用。如在several，many，various，different，a few，one of等之后，常用名词的复数，在every与each之后常用单数。

3. 代词的误用。如you与your，it’s与its，it与they或them，one与ones，宾格(如me)与反身代词(如myself)等的误用。

4. 介词的误用、缺少或多余。常见的如in 与on，to与for，instead与instead of，because与because of等的误用。

5. 时态的错误。看一篇文章，要有一种大局观，要上前下挂，看看上下文的时态是否一致。

6. 连词的误用。如or与and的误用，and与but的误用，so与but的误用，because或since与so连用，though与but连用等。

7. 第三人称单数后的动词形式。

8. 一些固定结构的误用。如so...that被误用作very...that，too...to被误用very...to，as...as被误作so...as等。

9. 定语从句中，which，that，when，where等混淆不清。

10. 一些常用词，如what与how，except与besides，any与some以及它们的合成词如any-thing与something，anywhere与somewhere等混淆不清

① what 与 how;

② which 与 where;

③ doing 与 done;

④ doing 与 and did;

⑤ do 与 does;

⑥ a(n) 与 the;

⑦ so 与 such;

⑧ and 与 but;

⑨ and 与 or;

⑩ one 与 oneself

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