绳梯法与区域法穿刺方法对自体动静脉内瘘功能状态的影响对比

发布时间:2018-06-23 来源: 短文摘抄 点击:


  [摘要]目的 研究绳梯法与区域法穿刺方法在自体动静脉内瘘功能状态中的应用价值。方法 选择我院2015年6月~2017年4月纳入的96例血液透析并新建内瘘手术患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字法分为研究组和对照组,各48例。研究组患者采取绳梯法,对照组患者采取区域法,比较两种穿刺方法效果。结果 经观察两组穿刺效果,两组穿刺成功率、血流量不足以及皮下血肿发生率均无明显差别(χ2=0.721,0.438,2.178,P>0.05),但研究组渗血发生率较对照组低(χ2=5.350,P<0.05);研究组并发症发生率(4.17%)明显较对照组(16.67%)降低(χ2=8.370,P<0.05);满意度为97.92%,高于对照组的83.33%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.527,P<0.05)。结论 血液透析并新建内瘘术患者采取绳梯法与区域法穿刺均具有一定应用价值,但绳梯法穿刺后并发症较少,安全性高,能够维持良好医患关系。
  [关键词]动静脉内瘘;区域法;血液透析;绳梯法
  [中图分类号] R472.9 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2018)2(b)-0188-03
  Comparison of rope ladder and area puncture on the influence of the functional status of autologous arteriovenous fistula
  ZHANG Qiao-rong LIU Li ZHANG Jin-lian
  Hemodialysis Center,People′s Hospital of Jiexi County,Guangdong Province,Jiexi 515400,China
  [Abstract]Objective To study the application value of rope ladder and area puncture on the influence of the functional status of autologous arteriovenous fistula.Methods From June 2015 to April 2017,96 hemodialysis patients with new internal fistula surgery were selected as research objects in our hospital.By a random number table method,they were evenly divided into research group and control group,48 cases in each group.In the research group,rope ladder was used,while in the control group,area puncture was adopted.The puncture effect of the two methods was compared.Results By observing the puncture effect,the success rate of puncture and incidence of insufficiency of blood flow volume and subcutaneous hematoma were not displayed great differences (χ2=0.721,0.438,2.178,P>0.05),but the errhysis incidence was lower in the research group (χ2=5.350,P<0.05).In the research group,the incidence of complications was 4.17%,significantly lower than that in the control group accounting for 16.67%(χ2=8.370,P<0.05).The satisfaction in the research group was 97.92%,higher than that of the control group,83.33%,with a statistical difference (χ2=12.527,P<0.05).Conclusion For hemodialysis patients with new fistula surgery,both rope ladder and area puncture have certain application value,but few complications,high safety,and a good doctor-patient relationship maintained after rope ladder puncturing.
  [Key words]Arteriovenous fistula;Area puncture;Hemodialysis;Rope ladder
  維持性血液透析属于急慢性肾衰竭患者肾脏代替的主要治疗方式,是指将患者机体内血液引流至体外,并利用无数根空心纤维构成的透析仪器,使血液与透析液通过弥散及对流方式发生物质交换,能够有效清除体内代谢废物,保持电解质以及酸碱平衡,同时清除多余水分,最后将净化血液回输[1]。建立动静脉内瘘属于临床上常见的血管通路方式,其通路功能可直接影响患者治疗效果,采取有效内瘘穿刺方法可保证其完整性,延长使用期限[2-3]。其中区域穿刺被广泛应用于临床,虽然取得过一定应用价值,但安全性较低,易出现血栓、血管瘤以及内瘘闭塞等症状,严重威胁患者身心健康,受到医疗界广泛关注。由于临床上穿刺方法较多,如何选择疗效确切且安全性较高的方式在保障患者生命安全中具有重要意义[4]。本文选择纳入的血液透析并新建内瘘手术患者作为研究对象,探讨绳梯法与区域法穿刺方法在自体动静脉内瘘患者治疗中的应用价值,现报道如下。

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