桐梓烤烟不同成熟度上部叶碳氮积累·化学成分和等级结构差异分析

　　摘要[目的]研究桐梓縣烤烟不同成熟度上部叶碳氮积累与化学成分及等级结构差异。[方法]利用烤烟不同成熟度上部叶的烘烤试验，综合研究分析了桐梓县烤烟不同成熟度上部叶碳氮积累、主要化学成分及其派生值和烟叶等级结构等方面差异。[结果]随着成熟度的提高，上部叶从欠熟叶（M0）到完熟叶（M3）总糖含量、还原糖含量、碳氮比、两糖比、糖碱比、施木克值等呈增大趋势，处理间差异显著或极显著；碳、总氮、蛋白质和淀粉含量呈极显著降低趋势，烟碱含量呈先增大后下降趋势，等级结构大幅度、极显著提升。总体上，完熟叶（M3）和成熟叶（M2）的主要化学成分含量及其派生值最适宜或适宜、内在质量好、上等烟比例高；尚熟叶（M1）的主要化学成分含量及其派生值较适宜或不适宜、内在质量欠佳、上等烟比例较低；欠熟叶（M0）的主要化学成分含量及其派生值不适宜、内在质量差、等级结构很差。[结论]该试验为指导桐梓提高烤烟上部叶采收成熟度和可用性提供理论依据。
　　关键词烤烟；成熟度；上部叶；碳；氮；化学成分；等级结构
　　中图分类号S572文献标识码
　　A文章编号0517-6611（2018）08-0052-06
　　Difference Analysis of the Accumulation of Carbon and Nitrogen and Chemical Compositions and Grade Structure of the Upper Leaves of Fluecured Tobacco in Tongzi County
　　ZHOU Weihua1，XU Zenghan2，ZHU Yinghua3 et al（1.Tongzi Branch of Zunyi Tobacco Company in Guizhou Province，Zunyi，Guizhou 563000；2.College of Agronomy，Anhui Agricultural University，Hefei，Anhui 230036；3.Research Center of Tobacco and Health，University of Science and Technology of China，Hefei，Anhui 230051）
　　Abstract[Objective] To study the differences of the accumulation of carbon and nitrogen and chemical compositions and grade structure of the upper leaves of fluecured tobacco in Tongzi County.[Method] By adopting the baking test of the upper leaves of fluecured tobacco at different maturity degrees，differences in carbon and nitrogen accumulation，main chemical compositions，their derived values and leaf grade structures were comphrehensively analyzed.[Result] With the increase of maturity degree，the total sugar content and reducing sugar content，carbonnitrogen ratio，total sugarreducing sugar ratio，sugarnicotine ratio，Shmuck value in upper leaves showed the trend of increase from uipe leaves （M0） to mellow leaves （M3），and there were significant or extremely significant differences between treatments.The carbon，total nitrogen，protein and starch content were significantly decreased，the nicotine content was firstly increased and then decreased.The grade structure were greatly and significantly increased.In general，mellow leaves （M3） and ripe leaves （M2） had the most suitable or appropriate main chemical components and their derived values，good internal quality，and high firstclass tobacco proportion.The mature leaves （M1） had less suitable or not suitable main chemical components and their derived values，with poor internal quality.The uipe leaves （M0） had not suitable proportion of the main chemical components and their derived values，with poor internal quality and grade structure.[Conclusion] This research provided theoretical basis for enhancing the harvesting maturity and availability of upper leaves of fluecured tobacco in Tongzi County.

相关热词搜索：桐梓 烤烟 成熟度 化学成分 差异