密集烤房烘烤过程中温湿度时空分布及层间烘烤效果差异化研究

发布时间:2019-08-22 来源: 历史回眸 点击:

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  摘要:为提高密集烤房烘烤质量,在气流下降式密集烤房内用HE174温湿度自动记录仪测量了不同烤房空间、不同烘烤时间的温湿度状况。结果表明:气流下降式烤房在烘烤过程中垂直方向上、中、下层和水平方向不同区域有一定的的温湿度差异。垂直方向与水平方向温湿度差异随烘烤进程的变化规律为:变黄前期小,变黄后期及定色期大,干筋期又逐渐变小;垂直方向不同区域的温湿度差异明显大于水平方向。烘烤后不同层间烟叶化学成分有所不同,含氮化合物差异较小,总糖和还原糖含量为下层略高于上层,但均未达到显著差异。密集烤房在烘烤过程中温湿度变化动态研究结果为指导密集烤房合理装烟与优化烘烤工艺提供了理论依据。
  关键词:密集烤房;温度;相对湿度;分布
  中图分类号:S572.092文献标识号:A文章编号:1001-4942(2017)06-0054-06
  AbstractTo improve the curing quality, the temperature and humidity in different barn space and at different curing time were measured by HE174 automatic temperature and relative humidity recorder in airflow-descending bulk curing barn. The results showed that there were some differences in temperature and relative humidity in the upper, middle and lower layers and the different zones of plane areas during the curing process. The changes in the vertical and horizontal directions were smaller at the early yellowing stage, were larger at the later yellowing stage and leaf-drying stage, and gradually reduced at the stem-drying stage. The difference of temperature and relative humidity in the vertical direction was significantly larger than that in different areas of the horizontal direction. The chemical composition of tobacco leaves was different between different layers after curing. The difference of nitrogen compound content was smaller. The content of total sugar and reducing sugar in the lower layer was slightly higher than that in the upper layer without significant differences. The results could provide the theoretical basis for guiding the reasonable tobacco-loading and optimizing the curing technology for bulk curing barn.
  KeywordsBulk curing barn; Temperature; Relative humidity; Distribution
  密集烤房是目前我国烤烟主要烘烤设备[1]。烘烤过程中密集烤房提供的热气流与烟叶本身的水分相互作用在烤房内形成一个微环境,为烟叶内部生物化学反应、形成特定的外观及内在品质提供适宜条件。有关烤房内温湿度和气流变化前人做了一定的研究,唐力为[2]报道,烘烤过程中烤房内各区域间同一时间点的温湿度普遍存在差异,主要反映在不同区域中调制的升温稳温方式的差异、排湿速率的差异以及不同烘烤工艺温度段所经历时间长短的差异等方面。王勇军等[3] 研究了变黄阶段、定色阶段、干筋阶段垂直方向风速和水平风速对烘烤的影响。赵华武[4]發现密集烘烤过程中,烟叶叶片水分的散失与烘烤进程关系密切,定色期失水量和失水速度最大。董艳辉[5]研究了密集烘烤过程中烟叶温度与烤房环境因子的关系。包亚峰[6]利用多孔介质得到了烤房部分温度场和速度场分布。烤房内温湿度通过影响烟叶的酶活性,影响烤后烟叶化学成分的协调性,最终会使各区域烟叶的吸食品质有明显差异[7-13]。但对于机械通风密集烤房内温湿度变化动态的量化研究鲜有报道。本文研究了气流下降式密集烤房烘烤过程中不同空间不同时间温湿度分布动态及其对烟叶品质的影响,旨为密集烤房合理装烟及烘烤工艺有效掌控提供理论依据。
  1材料和方法
  1.1供试材料
  供试烟叶:烤烟品种K326,选取同一地块生长状况、成熟度一致的中部烟叶,含水率平均为84.2%。
  供试烤房:气流下降式密集烤房,符合国烟办综[2009]418号文件要求,装烟室8.0 m×2.7 m×3.5 m,烤房风机型号为7号风机,风机中电机功率2.2 kW/h。
  测试仪器:深圳市华图测控系统有限公司生产的HE174温湿度自动记录仪。
  试验时间及地点:2015年山东省沂水金旭烟农专业合作社烘烤试验基地;2016年山东省诸城鑫兴烟农专业合作社烘烤基地;山东农业大学烟草实验站园。文中所用数据为三地两年平均值。

相关热词搜索:烘烤 温湿度 密集 差异化 过程中

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