十大功劳叶药材的质量标准提高研究

发布时间:2019-08-30 来源: 历史回眸 点击:


  中图分类号 R927 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2018)04-0470-04
  DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2018.04.10
  摘 要 目的:提高十大功劳叶药材的质量标准。方法:采用薄层色谱法(TLC)对药材样品进行定性鉴别。测定药材样品水分、灰分、醇浸出物。采用高效液相色谱法测定药材样品中盐酸小檗碱的含量,色谱柱为WondaSil C18,流动相为乙腈-0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液(25 ∶ 75,V/V),流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为264 nm,柱温为30 ℃,进样量为10 μL。结果:药材样品TLC图斑点清晰,分离度好。药材样品水分为3.92%~7.03%,总灰分为3.65%~6.95%,酸不溶性灰分为0.05%~1.03%,醇浸出物为10.87%~33.14%。盐酸小檗碱检测进样量线性范围为0.183~0.915 μg(r=0.999 9);定量限、檢测限分别为0.143、0.095 μg;精密度、稳定性、重复性试验的RSD<2.0%(n=6);加样回收率为95.21%~103.10%(RSD=2.95%,n=6)。结论:药材水分、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分分别不得过8.0%、6.0%、0.4%,醇浸出物、盐酸小檗碱含量分别不得低于16.0%、1.0%。所建标准可用于十大功劳叶药材的质量控制。
  关键词 十大功劳叶;质量标准;高效液相色谱法;薄层色谱法
  ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To improve the quality standard of Folium Mahoniae. METHODS: TLC was used for qualitative identification. The contents of moisture, ash and ethanol extract were determined. The content of berberine hydrochloride was determined by HPLC. The determination was performed on WondaSil C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.05 mol/L monopotassium phosphate solution (25 ∶ 75,V/V) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was 264 nm, column temperature was 30 ℃, and sample size was 10 μL. RESULTS: TLC spots were clear and well-separated. The contents of moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash and ethanol extract were 3.92%-7.03%, 3.65%-6.95%, 0.05%-1.03% and 10.87%-33.14%, respectively. The linear range of berberine hydrochloride was 0.183-0.915 ?g(r=0.999 9); quantitation limit and detection limit was 0.143, 0.095 μg, respectively. RSDs of precision, stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 2.0% (n=6); recovery was 95.21%-103.10%(RSD=2.95%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS: The content of moisture, total ash and acid-insoluble ash of medicinal materials is not exceed 8.0%, 6.0% and 0.4%, respectively. The content of ethanol extract and berberine hydrochloride is not less than 16.0% and 1.0%, respectively. Established standard can be used for quality control of Folium Mahoniae.
  KEYWORDS Folium Mahoniae; Quality standard; HPLC; TLC
  十大功劳叶味苦、寒,归肺、肝、肾经,具有滋阴、清热、止咳化痰的功效,贵州少数民族多用于治疗肺痨咳嗽、骨蒸潮热[1]。我国十大功劳属的植物有250多种[2],在贵州境内有14个种,分布广泛[3]。2003年版《贵州中药材、民族药材质量标准》收载了长柱十大功劳(Mahonia duclouxiana Gagnep)、小果十大功劳(M. bodinieri Gagnep)、细叶十大功劳[M. fortunei (Lindl.) Fedde]、宽苞十大功劳(M. eurybracteata Fedde)及阔叶十大功劳[M. bealei (Fort.) Carr]5个种作为十大功劳叶药材来源[1]。但该标准中仅有药材的性状描述和阔叶十大功劳叶的横切面显微鉴别,难以评价药材的优劣。
  小檗碱又名黄连素,为十大功劳叶药材中主要的药效成分,具有良好的抗菌、抗微生物、消炎的作用[4-5],这与该药材的治疗范围相符。本研究以盐酸小檗碱、盐酸巴马汀、盐酸药根碱为定性指标,建立了薄层色谱(TLC)定性鉴别方法;以盐酸小檗碱为定量指标,建立了高效液相色谱(HPLC)定量法;完成了水分、灰分和醇浸出物的检查,制订了合理的限度,旨在为提高十大功劳叶药材的质量标准提供一定参考。

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