叶面喷施镁肥对百色烤烟产量和品质的影响

发布时间:2019-08-23 来源: 美文摘抄 点击:

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  摘    要:为了探索提高烟叶镁含量的农艺措施,采用大田试验研究了叶面喷施镁肥对百色烤烟产量和品质的影响。结果表明,叶面喷施镁肥可改善烤烟的农艺性状,并能提高烟叶的经济效益,以T2(烤烟移栽后15,25 d喷施1%硫酸镁)、T3(烤烟移栽后15,25,35 d喷施0.5%硫酸镁)、T4处理(烤烟移栽后15,25,35 d喷施1%硫酸镁)的增效作用明显。总体上,叶面喷施镁肥处理烟叶镁含量增加,烟叶化学成分含量较为适宜、比例比较协调,烟叶评吸质量提高,以T4处理对提高各部位烟叶感官评吸质量的效果较为明显。因此,生产上百色烟区以在烤烟移栽后15,25,35 d喷施0.5%~1%浓度的硫酸镁较为适宜。
  关键词:烤烟;镁肥;叶面喷施;产量;品质
  中图分类号:S147.2             文献标识码:A                 DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2016.01.021
  Effects of Leaf-spraying Magnesium Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco in Baise Tobacco-growing Area
  LIN Beisen, GAO Huajun, WEI Zhong, LIU Chunping, YAO Bin, LUO Gang
  (Baise Tobacco Company of Guangxi Tobacco Company, Baise, Guangxi 533000,China)
  Abstract: In order to explore the agricultural measures for increasing the magnesium content of flue-cured tobacco, the effects of leaf-spraying magnesium fertilizer on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied by field experiments. The results showed that more leaf-spraying magnesium fertilizer could improve the agronomical characters of tobacco, and enhance the economic benefit significantly. Compared with CK, The economic characters of T2 treatment (leaf-spraying magnesium fertilizer at 1% and 15, 25 days after transplanting), T3 treatment (leaf-spraying magnesium fertilizer at 0.5% and 15, 25, 35 days after transplanting), T4 treatment (leaf-spraying magnesium fertilizer at 1% and 15, 25, 35 days after transplanting) were higher. On the whole, the applications of leaf-spraying magnesium fertilizer could increase the magnesium content in tobacco leaves, maintain better chemical component content and harmony, improve smoking quality, especially the application of leaf-spraying magnesium fertilizer at 1% and 15, 25, 35 days after transplanting(T4). Therefore, the treatment of leaf-spraying magnesium fertilizer at 0.5%~1% and 15, 25, 35 days after transplanting was appropriate for flue-cured tobacco in Baise tobacco-planting area.
  Key words: flue-cured tobacco; magnesium fertilizer; leaf-spraying; yield; quality
  镁是烤烟生长发育所必需的营养元素,对烤烟的生长及产、质量的形成具有重要的影响[1-2]。合理施用镁肥能提高烟叶的产量,并改善烟叶的品质[3]。百色烟区是广西最大的产烟区,植烟土壤中钙含量高、镁含量偏低,钙镁比值大,这种特性影响烟株对镁的吸收,生产实践中常导致烟株缺镁现象发生,特别是在雨水偏大年份,土壤镁易淋失,导致烟叶不耐熟,调制后烟叶外观色泽偏淡、身份偏薄、油分不足、弹性差,严重影响烟叶的产量和品质[4]。目前,在低镁区或钙镁适宜区,很多学者就镁肥种类、用量和方法对烤烟产、质量的影响及减少钙、钾等养分对镁吸收的抑制等方面进行了诸多研究,提出了许多能提高当地烟叶镁含量、改善烟叶品质的技术措施[5-7],但与百色烟区相似的高钙、低镁区的研究却较少。影响烟叶镁含量的因素很多[8-10],百色烟区在改进镁肥施用方式提高烟株对镁的吸收和烟叶产量、品质等方面进行了研究[2],但其施肥方式仅限于基肥和追肥的配合施用。为此,研究不同镁肥喷施浓度和时期对烟叶镁含量和产量、品质的影响,可为百色烟区生产上合理施用镁肥提供理论依据。

相关热词搜索:百色 叶面 烤烟 产量 喷施

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