某二级医院医院感染现患率调查分析与对策

　　摘   要：目的  了解某二級医院住院患者医院感染基本情况，为有效预防和控制医院感染提供依据。方法  在2016 年9月8日和2017年7月11日采用横断面调查方法，连续2年对玉林市桂南医院（国家二级甲等综合性医院）住院患者医院感染现患率情况进行调查与分析。结果  共调查住院患者885例（其中2016 年9月8日425例，2017年7月11日460例），显示医院感染现患率分别为1.65%和1.96%。感染部位居前三位的为下呼吸道、泌尿系统和上呼吸道，以下呼吸道感染为主，感染主要集中在内科系统。检出病原菌主要是大肠埃希菌，其次是肺炎克雷伯菌。2016年9月8日和2017年7月11日使用抗菌药物治疗前病原学标本送检率分别为18.86%和19.87%，抗菌药物使用率分别为45.65%和48.91%。结论  该医院住院患者医院感染现患率低于文献报道，医院感染患者主要集中在内科系统，提示应重点加强内科的消毒隔离工作。
　　关键词：医院感染;现患率;消毒;隔离
　　中图分类号：R181                                   文献标识码：A                                 DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.05.042
　　文章编号：1006-1959（2018）05-0120-03
　　Investigation and Analysis of Nosocomial Infection Rate in a Level-II Hospital and its Countermeasures
　　WANG Xue-mei，QU Qing
　　（Department of Infectious Diseases Management，Guinan Hospital，Yulin 537005，Guangxi，China）
　　Abstract：Objective  To understand the basic situation of nosocomial infection among hospitalized patients in a level II hospital and to provide evidence for the effective prevention and control of nosocomial infection.Methods  Cross-sectional investigation was used in September 8th 2016 and July 11th 2017.The present nosocomial infection rate of the hospitalized patients in Guinan hospital of Yulin city（State Grade A General Hospital）for 2 consecutive years was investigated and analyzed.Results  A total of 885 hospitalized patients were investigated（425 in September 8，2016 and 460 in July 11，2017），which showed that the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 1.65% and 1.96% respectively.The first three of the infected sites were lower respiratory tract，urinary system and upper respiratory tract.The following respiratory tract infection was the main infection.The infection was mainly concentrated in the internal medicine system.The main pathogenic bacteria were Escherichia coli，followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae.In September 8，2016 and July 11，2017，the rates of pathogenic specimens were 18.86% and 19.87%，respectively，and the usage rates of antibacterial agents were 45.65% and 48.91% respectively.Conclusion  The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection in inpatients in this hospital is lower than that reported in literature，and the nosocomial infection patients are mainly concentrated in the medical system，which suggests that the disinfection and isolation work of internal medicine should be strengthened.

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