不同晒制方法对晒红烟调制过程中主要化学成分的影响

　　摘要 [目的]研究不同曬制方法晒制过程中烟叶内主要化学成分的变化。[方法]以吉林晒红烟品种大叶黄为试验材料，研究晒红烟露天晒制、薄膜覆盖变黄后露天晒制、大棚晒制3种晒制方法晒制过程中主要化学成分的变化。[结果]试验表明，不同晒制方法烟叶在晒制过程中失水速度呈现前期慢后期快的趋势，大棚晒制烟叶水分含量一直处于较高水平，有利于大分子物质的充分转化降解；总氮和烟碱变化幅度不大，各处理间总氮差异不明显，大棚晒制烟碱含量相对较高，总氮含量较小，符合优质晒烟要求；总糖、还原糖及糖碱比变化趋势基本相同，均呈“N”形，大棚晒制烟叶中总糖、还原糖及糖碱比均比其他2个处理低；钾、氯含量整体波动不大，各处理间钾含量差异不明显，氯含量差异明显，露天晒制烟叶的钾氯比较高，大棚晒制较低，但是大棚晒制烟叶的总氮、烟碱、总糖及还原糖均符合优质晒烟的要求，更适合推广应用。[结论] 研究可为该烤烟产区选择适宜的调制方法，制定晒红烟调制规程，提高烟叶品质提供参考依据。
　　关键词 晒红烟；晒制方法；化学成分
　　中图分类号 S572 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2014）20-06779-04
　　Effects of Different Curing Methods on Main Chemical Compositions of Red SunCured Tobacco Leaves during Curing Process
　　HOU Zhenwu， FU Yunpeng et al
　　（Jilin Nongan County Tobacco Co Ltd.， Changchun， Jilin 130200； Tobacco College of Henan Agricultural University， Zhengzhou， Henan 450002）
　　Abstract [Objective] To study changes of main chemical components in tobacco leaf by different curing methods. [Method] With Jilin red suncured tobacco leaf Dayehuang as test material， the main chemical components variation were studied by three curing methods （outdoor curing method， yellowing covered plastic membrane outdoor curing method， steely barn curing method）. [Result] The results showed that the ratio of water loss in red suncured tobacco leaves by different curing methods was low in the early and high in the late. The ratio of water loss in tobacco leaves by steely barn curing method was the highest； The content of total nitrogen and nicotine had little change， and the discrepancy of total nitrogen among various treatments was not obvious. The content of nicotine in tobacco leaves of steely barn curing method was higher than others and the ratio of total nitrogen to nicotine， which meet the requirements of highquality red suncured tobacco； The changing trend of total sugar content， restoring sugar content and the ratio of total sugar to nicotine in tobacco leaves was a same “N” shape. The content of total sugar， restoring sugar and the ratio of total sugar to nicotine in tobacco leaves of steely barn curing method was the lowest； The overall volatility of the content of potassium and chlorine was small. The discrepancy of potassium among various treatments was not obvious， on the contrary the discrepancy of chlorine was obvious and it showed： steely barn curing method > yellowing covered plastic membrane outdoor curing method > outdoor curing method. The ratio of potassium to chlorine in tobacco leaves of outdoor curing method was the highest， but the ratio of potassium to chlorine in tobacco leaves of steely barn curing method was the lower. [Conclusion] The study can provide reference basis for choosing suitable curing method， setting suncured tobacco modulation rules， improving tobacco leaf quality.

相关热词搜索：调制 过程中 化学成分 影响 方法