淄博烟区NC55品种适宜采收成熟度研究

发布时间:2019-08-23 来源: 散文精选 点击:

http://img1.qikan.com.cn/qkimages/nykx/nykx201506/nykx20150612-1-l.jpghttp://img1.qikan.com.cn/qkimages/nykx/nykx201506/nykx20150612-2-l.jpghttp://img1.qikan.com.cn/qkimages/nykx/nykx201506/nykx20150612-3-l.jpghttp://img1.qikan.com.cn/qkimages/nykx/nykx201506/nykx20150612-4-l.jpghttp://img1.qikan.com.cn/qkimages/nykx/nykx201506/nykx20150612-5-l.jpg
  摘 要:
  为了确定主栽烤烟品种的适宜采收成熟度,进一步提高淄博烟区烤后烟叶质量和彰显其烟叶特色,采用外观质量鉴定、经济性状统计、感官质量评价和电子鼻检测等方法,对主栽烤烟品种NC55中、上部烟叶不同采收成熟度烤后烟叶外观和内在质量进行对比分析。结果表明:中部叶成熟度变化规律较为稳定,适宜采收成熟度为CM2,即鲜烟外观7~8成黄;上部叶受气候影响较大,适宜采收成熟度要视当时气候条件而定,后期气温、光照等条件较好时按BM2(8~9成黄)成熟度采收,后期气温下降较快、昼夜温差大时按BM1(7~8成黄)成熟度采收。
  关键词:烤烟;采收;成熟度;质量
  中图分类号:S572.091  文献标识号:A  文章编号:1001-4942(2015)06-0045-04
  Study on Proper Harvesting Maturity of Flue-cured
  Tobacco Cultivar NC55 in Zibo
  Wang Yingjun1, Zhai Mingquan1, Dai Huawei1, Zhou Dehai2, Tian Zhenshou3, Jiao Hainan4,5, Xu Xiuhong5*
  (1.Shandong Zibo Tobacco Co. Ltd., Zibo 255000, China; 2.Boshan Branch of Shandong Zibo Tobacco Co. Ltd., Boshan 255200, China;
  3.Yiyuan Branch of Shandong Zibo Tobacco Co. Ltd., Yiyuan 256100, China; 4.Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural
  Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; 5. Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China)
  Abstract In order to determine the proper harvesting maturity,improve the quality of flue-cured tobacco and expose its characteristic, the exterior and interior qualities of the middle and upper cured tobacco leaves of NC55, the main flue-cured tobacco cultivar in Zibo, were compared and analyzed by appraising exterior quality, recording economic traits, sensory evaluation and electric nose analysis at different maturity stages. The results showed that the middle tobacco leaves had stable maturity variation and should be harvested at CM2 stage (with 70%~80% of yellowing area). The upper leaves were greatly affected by climate,therefore their harvesting maturity depended on the actual climate condition. The upper leaves should be harvested at BM2 stage (with 80%~90% of yellowing area) under the condition of proper temperature and light, while they should be harvested at BM1 stage (with 70%~80% of yellowing area) under the condition of dramatic declining temperature and diurnal temperature gap.
  Key words Flue-cured tobacco; Harvest; Maturity; Quality
   烟叶质量的形成基础受到生态条件、品种、成熟度等多种因素影响,而采收成熟度是烟叶质量的核心要素[1~6],与烤后烟叶的外观质量、香气等感官质量密切相关。不同品种不同生态条件下的成熟规律不同,即使同一品种不同生态条件下的采收成熟度也有差异。因此,应根据烟区生态特色,研究确定品种的最佳采收成熟度,配套严格的烘烤过程,才能有效提高产区烟叶质量,突出产区烟叶特色。
  NC55作为当前山东烟叶产区(包括淄博在内)的主栽品种,烤后烟叶质量较好,符合“中式卷烟”原料要求,受到工业企业的青睐。山东淄博烟叶产区具有明显的山地特征,其生态气候和土壤环境较为特殊,如何利用好生态条件,生产出特色优质烟叶显得尤为重要。笔者在淄博烟区进行了两年试验,研究NC55品种不同采收成熟度烤后烟叶质量,确定适合当地生态条件的采收成熟度,以进一步提高淄博烟叶质量和工业可用性,突出淄博产区烟叶特色。
  1 材料与方法
  1.1 试验材料及设计

相关热词搜索:淄博 采收 成熟度 适宜 品种

版权所有 蒲公英文摘 www.zhaoqt.net