名人故事300字【几多名人胡同里】

　　老早老早以前,一个诗人在大明湖畔就写下了一句经典:“海右此亭古,济南名士多。”逛济南,不去那么多名人居住生活过的胡同里转转、看看,就会遗憾。走进名人辈出的胡同,也就走进了济南的历史、走进了济南文化的魅力深处。
　　济南历史上一共出过两个状元,一个是元代的张起岩,他是元延二年(1315年)的左榜状元。另一个是清光绪九年(1883年)癸未科一甲一名陈冕。张起岩按下不表,单说这陈冕状元。陈冕的状元府邸,就在鞭指巷的北端路西的9号、11号大院。
　　陈冕自幼天资聪颖,勤奋好学,幼年一直生活在鞭指巷。14岁那年,他去顺天宛平求学,从师于山东籍举人、翰林院编修王芷庭,并在当年考中秀才。16岁考中举人,一时名声大噪。24岁那年,他踏入礼部贡院参加考试,三场考试下来,榜上有名。当年四月二十一日,癸未科殿试在京都保和殿进行,陈冕踌躇满志走进考场,奋笔疾书对策:“臣对:臣闻汉廷射策,萧望之以儒宗显,倪宽以经学称。” 结果,陈冕大魁天下,成为中国历史上最年轻的状元之一。
　　陈冕的一生虽然短暂,只活了35岁,但在身后却赢得了“赈灾状元”、“慈善状元”和“爱民状元”的美誉。就在陈冕中状元的那一年,黄河决口,山东历城、邹平、利津等县40余万灾民无家可归。陈冕和其父陈恩寿一次捐出数万银两救灾,并亲自到抗洪前线参加救灾工作。经过几次抗洪救灾,陈冕将祖父经营盐业积攒的钱财捐出了多半。
　　据陈氏后人介绍,当年的状元府是由二十个古朴典雅的四合院和一处花园组成。它东起鞭指巷,西至西熨斗隅巷。现在的9号、11号大院只是状元府邸的一部分。陈冕的书房设在状元府北院西八院的北屋,屋前曾挂有“小墨墨斋”牌匾。书房北面的二层楼(现西熨斗隅巷2号)曾是陈冕的藏书楼。
　　泺源大街路南有一条叫南新街的胡同。文学大师老舍曾在济南住过四个地方,其中两处已遭破坏,剩下的两处只有南新街58号挂上了市政府颁发的“老舍故居”的牌子。这处故居依旧保留着原来四合院的格局,院子里那口老舍用过的老井还存在。当年,老舍就是用这井里的水养鱼浇花、洗笔洗砚;喝着这井里的水,写下了《猫城记》、《离婚》,《月牙儿》、《断魂枪》等作品。还有我们耳熟能详的散文随笔,如《济南的秋天》、《济南的冬天》等等。
　　在这里,除了写作授课之外,老舍还结交了许多朋友,其中包括洋车夫、拳师、曲艺艺人等社会下层的劳动人民。老舍在《吊济南》一文中写道:“无论什么时候我从那里过,总有人笑脸地招呼我;无论我到何处去,那里总有人惦记着我,济南就成了我的第二故乡。”
　　90多年前,一个六七岁的男孩在济南南关的胡同里度过了他快乐有趣的青少年时代。那时候,在上学路上他挤到朝山街看行刑的,放学后或爬到树上看宰猪,或躲在路边工地上看闲书。在学校里,他曾带头给老师起外号,还兼作了一次小买卖。九月九山会期间,顽皮的他竟一有机会便逃课钻进席棚去听戏。
　　这个乡下男孩,于1917年阴历年时分来投靠叔叔,住在佛山街(今佛山苑小区内)。到济南不久,叔叔便把他送到离家不远的曹家巷(今朝山街南端路东,1980年整顿门牌时,为别于市区内另一曹家巷,改名南曹家巷)一家私塾去念书。到济南的第二年,七岁的他便上了山东省立第一师范附属小学。当时,一师附小的校长由著名教育家王祝晨兼任,他同鞠思敏同为山东教育界元老。王祝晨是当时的新派人物,受“五四”新文化运动的影响,主张白话文教学。男孩用的课本里选了一篇名传世界的童话,名为“阿拉伯的骆驼”。
　　后来他转学到了三合街南首的新育小学。这新育小学,后来曾是中国共产党创始人之一的王尽美的秘密办公地点,再后来,还曾培养出了世界级电影明星巩俐。那个当时的九岁男孩80年后在回忆文章中写道:“后来我转到新育小学(后改称三合街小学),每天下午下课以后,就躲到附近工地一个堆砖的角落,大看旧武侠小说,什么《彭公案》、《施公案》、《东周列国志》、《封神演义》、《说岳》等等。不认识的字当然很多,看了几年闲书,却觉得收获很大。我以后写文章,思路和文笔就比较通畅。所以我痛感今天的青年闲书看得还不够。”
　　新育小学毕业后,他又考上了大明湖南畔的正谊中学。1929年他又到杆石桥西边的济南高中读书一年。此后离开济南,四年清华,十年留德。他,就是后来的一代东方鸿儒、国学大师、学界泰斗、著名翻译家、文学家、教育家季羡林先生。
　　济南胡同里出名人:秦琼、周密、张养浩、王士祯、马国翰、路大荒等,这样的名单可以开列出长长的一串。所以,走在济南的胡同里,你会随时被一种浓浓的人文气息所包围。
　　
　　A long time ago, a poet wrote a classical poem besides Daming Lake: “The ancient Lixia Pavilion is to the west of the sea and Jinan breeds many celebrities”. It would be a great pity for a traveler to leave without seeing the alleys once lived in by so many celebrities. Accessing the alleys that have bred many celebrities means approaching Jinan’s history and the greatest charm of Jinan culture.
　　There are two No. one Scholars in Jinan’s history. One was Zhang Qiyan in the Yuan Dynasty (A.D.1206~1368), the other was Chen Mian in the Qing Dynasty (A.D.1644~1911). The No. one Scholar Mansion of Chen Mian is located in No.9 and No.11 courtyards to the west of the north end of Bianzhi Alley. Chen Mian was ingenious and diligent from a child. He lived in Bianzhi Alley through his childhood. When he was 14, he pursued his schooling in Wanping, Shuntian (today it is part of Beijing), and took Wang Zhiting as his teacher, and successfully passed the examination at the county level in the same year. (Wang Zhiting, his teacher, was born in Shandong Province. He successfully passed the imperial examination at the provincial level and also served as an editor in Hanlin Academy) Afterwards, he gained great reputation when he was 16 for he successfully passed the imperial examination at the provincial level. At 24, he entered for the examination at the examination hall of the Ministry of Rites of feudal China and became one of the successful candidates. On April 21 that year, the final imperial examination of Kuimoke was held in Baohe Palace of Beijing, the capital city at that time, Chen Mian entered for this examination with great confidence and finally got the highest score, which enabled him to become one of the youngest No. one Scholars in Chinese history.
　　To the south of the Luoyuan Avenue, is an alley called Nanxin Street that is one of the four places where Laoshe, a master in literature, lived. The old well in the courtyard once used by Laoshe is still in existence. The top diameter of the well is about 40cm and the wellbay is about 30cm higher than ground level. In fact, the well water is the clear and cool spring water. It is the very well water that was used by Laoshe to breed fish and water flowers, wash his writing brush and inkstone. During that time, drinking the water from this well, Laoshe created many famous works such as the Diary of the Cat City, Divorce, Crescent Moon, and Soul-breaking Gun, and many informal essays such as the Autumn in Jinan, Winter in Jinan.
　　Besides writing and teaching, Laoshe made a lot of friends here, including many working people from lower social classes such as the rickshaw men, boxing coaches, artists of Chinese folk opera. In his Condolence to Jinan, Laoshe wrote: “Jinan has become my second hometown for whenever I pass by Jinan, there are always people to greet me; wherever I go, there are always people caring about me.”
　　More than 90 years ago, a boy of six or seven spent his happy and interesting childhood in the alleys of Nanguan in Jinan. At that time, on his way to school, he joined the crowds on Chaoshan Street to see the carrying-out of the death sentence; after school, he climbed a tree to watch the killing of pigs or hid in the construction site on road sides to read story-telling books. He is the one who later became the oriental learned scholar, a master of Chinese ancient civilization, a leading authority in educational circles, famous translator, litterateur, educationalist, Mr. Ji Xianlin.
　　Many celebrities were bred in the alleys of Jinan such as Qin Qiong (a famous general in the Tang Dynasty), Zhou Mi (a famous Ci poet in the South Song Dynasty), Zhang Yanghao (a famous Sanqu poet in the Yuan Dynasty), Wang Shizhen (a famous poet in the Qing Dynasty), Ma Guohan (a famous scholar in the Qing Dynasty), Lu Dahuang (a famous scholar in modern China)…… People like these are numerous. Therefore, walking on the alleys of Jinan, you will be greatly influenced by the strong cultural atmosphere.

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