不同品种烤烟中后期钾素吸收和积累特征差异

发布时间:2019-08-23 来源: 感悟爱情 点击:

http://img1.qikan.com.cn/qkimages/yckx/yckx201703/yckx20170306-1-l.jpghttp://img1.qikan.com.cn/qkimages/yckx/yckx201703/yckx20170306-2-l.jpghttp://img1.qikan.com.cn/qkimages/yckx/yckx201703/yckx20170306-3-l.jpghttp://img1.qikan.com.cn/qkimages/yckx/yckx201703/yckx20170306-4-l.jpg
  摘要:为了探明不同烤烟品种生育中后期叶片中钾素的吸收和积累动态特征,2015年在四川省西昌市采用大田试验,以9个烤烟品种为研究对象,研究了其钾素积累动态。结果表明,移栽后烟叶钾素含量和累积量随时间的变化总体呈先下降再上升,最后又下降的“驼峰”型曲线变化趋势;烤烟品种间、烟叶部位间钾含量和累积量存在显著差异,品种×部位交互作用效果显著。下部叶存在1个钾积累峰,中、上部烟叶有2个积累峰。在施用钾肥时,应考虑品种、叶位差异以及他们之间的交互作用。
  关键词:烤烟;品种;叶位;钾
  中图分类号:S572.01文章编号:1007-5119(2017)03-0030-07 DOI:10.13496/j.issn.1007-5119.2017.03.006
  A Study on Potassium Uptake and Accumulation Characteristic Differences in Leaves among Different Flue-cured Tobacco Cultivars during Middle and Late Growth Stages
  WANG Yong1,2, YANG Huan1, CHEN Guangdeng1, LI Tingxuan1*, CHEN Yulan2, MENG Lin3
  (1. College of Resource Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; 2. Liangshan Tobacco Company of Sichuan Province, Xichang, Sichuan 615000, China; 3. Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao266101, China)
  Abstract: the purpose of the study was to explore the characteristics of potassium (K) uptake and dynamic accumulation in leaves among different tobacco cultivars during middle and late growth stage. A field experiment was conducted by using 9 flue-cured tobacco cultivars in Xichang city of Sichuan province in 2015. The results showed that, overall, leaf K content and accumulation changed as a camel hump shape, which declined first, then increased and finally decreased again. However, there were significant differences in the leaf K contents and K accumulation among different cultivars, among leaf position, and cultivar×leaf position interaction. For K accumulation, there was only one peak in lower position leaves, while there were two peaks for middle and upper position leaves. Therefore, it is reasonable that we should concern these difference among cultivars, leaf positions, and their interaction on K accumulation for K fertilizer application. The results are significant in making K fertilization plans for tobacco production.
  Keywords: flue-cured tobacco; cultivar; leaf position; potassium
  煙叶含钾量是评定烤烟品质的重要指标之一[1],与烟叶的燃烧性、香吃味、安全性及可用性高度相关[2-3]。FARROKH等[4]提出烟叶含钾量至少应达到2.0%~2.5%,美国、津巴布韦等优质烟草生产国的烟叶含钾量可达4%以上;而我国烟叶含钾量普遍偏低,尤其是北方烟区[5],难以达到2%,严重制约着烟叶品质的提升与卷烟对外出口[6]。要提高烟叶含钾量,需充分考虑土壤的供钾能力以及不同烤烟品种对钾的吸收和积累特征。
  前人研究表明,烟株体内干物质和养分积累遵
  基金项目:四川省烟草公司凉山州公司科技项目“植烟土壤钾素动态变化与烟草钾吸收分配规律研究”(2011-02)
  作者简介:王勇,男(1982-),在读博士研究生,主要从事烟草栽培方面的研究。E-mail:wy269405@sohu.com。*通信作者,E-mail:litinx@263.net
  收稿日期:2017-02-21 修回日期:2017-06-10
  循“慢-快-慢”的变化规律[9-11],移栽后7周烟草对钾的吸收和积累量即可达全生育期的70%~80%[12],而到成熟期时对钾的积累减缓或下降,且钾素在烟叶中的分配率降低,在非经济器官中的分配率升高[13-14],导致中后期烟叶含钾量偏低。而美国烟株在成熟期干物质继续积累的同时对钾仍能以较高速率持续吸收积累[12],其原因至今仍未探明。因此,明确烤烟在生长发育中钾素的积累特征,以烤烟的钾素吸收动态为依据,配套相应的钾肥施用技术[7],实现适时适量的供应钾素,是稳定烟叶产量和提高品质的重要措施之一[8]。

相关热词搜索:烤烟 后期 吸收 差异 积累

版权所有 蒲公英文摘 www.zhaoqt.net