晒烟品种农艺性状及烟叶质量鉴定

　　摘要 [目的]综合鉴定引进云南晒烟品种资源农艺性状及烟叶质量，为品种的选育及利用奠定科学依据。[方法]以示范种植品种云晒1号为对照，结合田间植物学性状、农艺性状、经济性状等对11个供试品种进行外观质量评价和内在化学成分分析。[结果] Virginia309、朝刀烟农艺性状较好，产量、产值超过对照，烟叶外观质量好，化学成分氮/碱比值适宜，钾/氯比值较高，成分协调性较优；Virginia331产量、产值略低于对照，但农艺性状好，烟叶外观质量较优，化学成分氮/碱比值适宜，钾/氯比值较高，成分协调性较优；Virginia310、大幅烟、泉烟、黄粮枇杷柳、毛烟1号虽然产量、产值超过或接近对照，但农艺性状较差，烟叶外观质量较差或稍次，化学成分协调性欠佳；Virginia932、惠水摆金烟、太康晒烟农艺性状较好，烟叶外观质量尚好或稍次，化学成分协调性尚佳，但产量、产值显著低于对照。[结论]在各供试晒烟品种中，综合性状以Virginia309、朝刀烟表现较优，其次是Virginia331，其他品种表现较差。
　　关键词 晒烟品种；农艺性状；外观质量；化学成分
　　中图分类号 S572 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2015）12-068-04
　　Abstract [Objective] To comprehensively identify the agronomic characters and quality of Yunnan sun-cured tobacco， so as to provide a scientific basis for variety breeding and using. [Method] With Yunshai No.1 as control， combined with field botanic traits， agronomic traits and economic traits， the appearance quality was evaluated， and internal chemical components were analyzed. [Result] The results indicated that Virginia309， Chaodao tobacco with good agronomic characters was superior to the control in yield and value of output， and their appearance quality was better too. There are the best harmony in composition， and with suitable nitrogen/nicotine ratio， higher K / Cl ratio； Virginia331 with good agronomic characters was inferior to the control in yield and value of output， and their appearance quality was superior to the control. There are the better harmony in composition， and with suitable nitrogen/nicotine ratio， higher K / Cl ratio too； Although there are no more than in yield and value of output between Virginia310， Dafu， Huangliangpipaliu， Mao tobacco and the control， their agronomic characters， appearance quality and harmony in composition were inferior to the control. Virginia932， Huishuibaijing， Taikang tobacco were good agronomic characters and appearance quality and the better harmony in composition， but their yield and value of output was significantly inferior to the control. [Conclusion] Among tested suncured tobacco varieties， comprehensive traits of Virginia309， Chaodao tobacco are the best， followed by Virginia331， other varieties are poor.
　　Key words Suncured tobacco variety； Agronomic characters； Appearance quality； Chemical composition
　　晒烟与烤烟相比具有独特的烟叶品质，能满足卷烟品牌对原料的多样化需求[1-2]。品种是决定烟叶品质的内在因素，也是烟叶生产的物质基础[3-4]。不同烟草品种的性状遗传基因构成了丰富的资源库[3，5-7]，这是烟草新品种选育的物质基础。而品种的田间植物学、农艺及产量性状鉴定是选育新品种及生产应用的必需程序[8-11]。该研究利用引进晒烟品种进行田间鉴定，通过植物学、农艺、产量、品质等性状鉴定，明确各个品种的特征特性及使用价值，为培育新品种亲本的选择和生产利用提供科学依据，同时也为保持种子生活力和丰富遗传基因库提供资源。

相关热词搜索：晒烟 农艺 性状 烟叶 鉴定