“交流的目光”在法国_如目光不再交流

　　2004年4月8日，初春的法国阳光明媚、春意盎然。在法国布列塔尼大区首府雷恩市，中国山东省和法国布列塔尼大区联合举办的以“交流的目光”为主题的摄影展首展仪式在雷恩市议会大厅拉开了序幕。
　　2003年，中国山东省和法国布列塔尼大区两个友好省区为庆祝中华人民共和国和法兰西共和国建交四十周年举办的中法文化年而共同发起了一次摄影家交流活动。9月份，山东省选派了3位摄影家到布列塔尼进行了为期4个周的摄影采访活动。10月份，法国的3位摄影家在山东进行了为期4个周的摄影采访。之后，经过半年时间的筛选准备工作，作为该次活动的成果展示，以及对2004年法中文化年的献礼，摄影展以“交流的目光”为主题，在雷恩市首展。
　　在布列塔尼，“交流的目光”摄影展受到了当地政府和民间法中友好组织的高度重视。首展前，当地报纸、电视台等媒体对展览进行了多次报道。主办方布列塔尼法中友好协会在雷恩市的主要商业区张贴了大量海报予以宣传。首展式开幕前，布列塔尼大区政府专门召开了新闻发布会，负责大区国际事务的议会副主席克雷斯汀先生同参加摄影展的山东省文化交流代表团团长王凤胜先生与媒体见面，共同回答了中法文化交流以及摄影展的有关问题。
　　为更好地体现中法两友好省区的悠久历史文化和美丽风光， “交流的目光”摄影展采取了通过摄影家的镜头“看自己”和“看他乡”的方式。“看自己”，就是中法6位摄影家各自选择5―8幅在自己故乡拍摄的代表作品参展，用自己的镜头向人们展示自己的国家和文化；“看他乡”，就是从6位摄影家在异域拍摄的作品中选取5―8幅作品，向观众展示摄影家所看到的异域文化。这种客观、公正、新颖的展览形式不但体现了展览主创人员的良苦用心，也成为吸引观众的一大亮点。
　　首展仪式上，布列塔尼的观众更为关注的是反映中国主题的作品。因为对大多数没有到过中国的法国人来说，中国是一个遥远而神秘的国家。他们对中国的了解，一般仅仅限于中国的长城、黄河等简单的地理概念和孔子、毛泽东等历史名人，其他则几乎一无所知。因此，摄影展中反映中国主题的作品，无论是风光还是人物，都对他们视觉和思想造成了极大的冲击和震撼，也引起了他们的极大兴趣。山东摄影家拍摄的泰山、黄河、巨型书法、青岛海岸，法国摄影家拍摄的山东普通家庭、普通人物等，都深深地吸引了大批法国观众。
　　来山东拍摄采访的3位法国摄影家中，迪迪埃?奥利佛是一位纪实摄影家。在山东拍摄期间，他不拍自然风光，不拍历史景点，而是全部拍摄普通家庭的全家福。这种看似简单的摄影方式曾引起了山东当地许多人的不解。然而，在雷恩的首展仪式上，迪迪埃的作品却最受观众关注。大量观众驻足于迪迪埃拍摄的山东人的全家福前，对中国几代同堂的亲密家庭合影充满了惊讶和好奇。有人甚至向山东代表团询问：迪迪埃摄影作品中的山东家庭能否代表中国城市里的一般家庭？中国人普通人住的房子真的那么好？家里的家具真那么新吗？面对法国人对中国了解的匮乏，我们感到遗憾，同时，我们又为中法摄影家作品所带来的深深影响感到无比欣慰。
　　如果说该次摄影展改变了布列塔尼人对中国的印象，使他们对神秘的中国从画面上有了一些感性认识的话，那么，对亲临山东拍摄的法国摄影家来说，山东之行给他们留下的印象之深，则是刻骨铭心，也是他们的作品所远远无法能够完全表达的。
　　夏娃?莫尔克雷特是3位法国摄影家中的惟一一位女性，以拍摄人物专题见长。在为“交流的目光”展览撰写的留言里，她充满深情地写道：“2003年10月我来到了中国，那些日子充满了新奇，引人入胜。这次旅行终身难忘，它将在我今后的生活中留下深刻的烙印，而且可能会从此改变我的生活。我很希望能够再次回到中国，再到那里进行摄影创作。”
　　“在山东，给人印象最深刻的是现代化城市和宁祥乡村的反差。在这次旅行里，画面已经代替和超越了语言。穿梭在公路和高速公路上，在乡村，在山上，在大海里渔民的船上，在煤矿下，在工厂里，在寺庙里，在幼儿园、养老院、医院，我找到了能够用相机表达我心中的惊奇、表现不同文化背景的人们热情相遇的那些瞬间。”
　　阿兰?勒巴凯也是一位来自巴黎的摄影家，以拍摄专题见长。在首展之前举行的新闻发布会上，他动情地说：“各个国家有不同的情况，我到过中国山东，了解那里的风情，中国人应当为自己的人权状况感到自豪和骄傲。”
　　继雷恩之后，“交流的目光”摄影展将继续在法国布列塔尼大区的蓬蒂维、洛里昂、布雷斯特、圣布里克、瓦讷、圣马洛、劳伦特等城市陆续举行，每个城市的展出时间将持续1个月左右。2004年10月，展览将来到山东，在山东的8个城市陆续展出。
　　摄影艺术作为一种通俗直观的艺术表现手段，是没有语言和区域隔阂的。雷恩首展式的成功举行使我们有理由相信，透过中法摄影家的镜头，法国观众将能更好地了解山东，激发他们对中国文化的热爱。
　　
　　On April 8, 2004, a sunny day in the bright spring time of France, in the Congress Hall of Rennes, capital of Brittany, the inauguration of a unique photography exhibition entitled“Exchanged Eyesight,”which is jointly held by Shandong Province of China and Brittany of France, commenced with great ceremony.
　　In 2003, in order to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the formal establishment of diplomatic relations between China and France, the two sister provinces of Shandong and Brittany jointly sponsored a photography cooperation project. Acting to fulfill a signed agreement between the two, Shandong sent three photographers to Brittany for four weeks of shooting in September. Then, in October, three photographers selected from all over France came to Shandong for four weeks of shooting. After half a year of preparation, the photos for the exhibitions were selected, printed, and displayed, making the inauguration successfully held in Rennes.
　　The government of Brittany and the France-China Friendship Organization gave ceremonious receptions to the photographic projects. Before the inauguration, newspapers and TV stations reported the news concerning the projects. Moreover, advertisements for the inauguration can be seen in many shop windows in the downtown area of Rennes. Before the inauguration, in order to introduce the photographic project to the public, the government of Brittany hosted a news briefing chaired by the vice-chairman of the Brittany Congress.
　　Beginning with the concept of subjectively displaying the time-honored history, culture, and scenery of both Shandong and Brittany through“Exchanged Eyesight,”it was decided that each of the six photographers could exhibit 10 to 16 photos, among which five to eight would be shot in their own homeland, while the other five to eight would be shot in the“Sister Province”to show their personal perspective of the neighbor country“TTL”-through the lens. Through this creative technique, the sponsors intended visitors to learn about the cultural and natural difference between Shandong and Brittany through the“eye”of the photographers.
　　At the inauguration, visitors from Brittany showed more interest in the photographs of China, since many French people have never been to China, which had previously seemed to them to be a mysterious country far away. Therefore, all the photos taken in China aroused great interest and enthusiasm in visitors from all walks of life. In front of the photos of Mount Tai, the Yellow River, giant Chinese calligraphies, the seacoast and beaches of Qingdao City, and family portraits of ordinary Shandong people, dozens of French visitors stood in rapt attention, deeply fascinated as they beheld a new world.
　　Among the three French photographers sent to China, Didier Olivre is engaged primarily in family photography. In Shandong, wherever he went, he visited some ordinary families and took group pictures of family members inside their homes. In China, this kind of photography is rare. So, when shooting photos in Shandong, many people were surprised by Didier’s style. However, at the inaugural event, to our surprise, we found that Dider’s photos were the most popular among sightseers. Standing in front of Didier’s photos, many visitors were surprised at the unity of several generations of family members in Chinese families, which is rare in France. Some onlookers even curiously asked members of the Shandong Province Cultural Delegation whether families in Dider’s photos were truly representative of ordinary families in China. They were also surprised that some families seemed quite well-to-do, since, in their imagination, China is still a poor country where most people live in shabby apartments without good furniture.
　　But it was not only the ordinary visitors to the Opening Ceremony of the“Exchanged Eyesight”Exhibition which were deeply moved by the photos they saw, for the impressions and understanding of China gained by the French photographers who came to Shandong were even more changed by their four week trip to China.
　　Eve Morcrette, the only lady among the three photographers, is from Paris. In the text of the catalogue for the exhibition, she wrote with great emotion:“In October, 2003, I came to China. For me, those days were full of surprises and fascination. I will never forget this trip all my life. It will leave a deep mark in my life later and will probably change my life. I wish very much that I can go back to China and take photos there again.”
　　 Alain Le Bacquer, a photographer from Paris, is especially good at photographing subject stories. At the news briefing for the inauguration, when talking about his trip to Shandong, Alain emotionally told the media:“Every country has its own different situation. I visited Shandong, and know the situation there personally. Chinese people should take pride in their current status of human rights.”
　　After Rennes, the photographic exhibition“Exchanged Eyesight”will be held in seven other cities throughout Brittany. In each city, the exhibition will last about one month. Then, in October, 2004,“Exchanged Eyesight”will begin a tour of eight cities in Shandong Province.
　　As it is with the arts of painting, sculpture, and dance, there are no linguistic or geographical barriers to the enjoyment of photography. So we are sure that“through the lens”of these photographers, the people of Brittany will learn more about Shandong and the people of Shandong will learn more about Brittany.

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