适用于散叶烘烤的无缝悬挂烟夹研制与应用?

　　摘要[目的]研制与应用适用于散叶烘烤的无缝悬挂烟夹。[方法]通过烘烤试验对无缝悬挂烟夹进行验证。[结果]与传统挂竿相比，烟夹单炕用于夹烟、装烟、卸烟、解烟的用工比挂竿减少3.00个；单炕技改成本增加10 300.00元；单夹装烟量增加1 倍，单炕装烟量提高34 %；干烟耗煤量减少0.31 kg/kg，干烟耗电量减少0.14（kW·h）/kg，能耗成本减少0.22元/kg；烤后烟叶上等烟比例、黄烟比例、均价分别提高了4.74%、058%和1.08元/kg；烤后烟叶淀粉降低1.92%，化学成分协调性较好。[结论]该装置改善了烟叶烘烤质量，可实现烘烤环节中减工降本增效。
　　关键词无缝悬挂烟夹；烤烟；散叶烘烤；挂竿；用工量
　　中图分类号S226文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611（2017）21-0099-04
　　The Design and Application of Seamless Hanging Tobacco Clip Suitable for Dispersed Leavescuring
　　ZHAO Longjie， DAI Xianqiang， PENG Jun et al
　　（Fengdu Branch Office of Chongqing City Company of China National Tobacco Corporation， Chongqing 408200）
　　Abstract[Objective]To design and apply the seamless hanging tobacco clip which is suitable for dispersed leavescuring.[Method]The seamless hanging tobacco clip was verified by baking tests.[Result]Compared with traditional loading leaf with pole， seamless hanging tobacco clip could save 3.00 labours during cliping， loading， unloading and unlashing leaves par barn. The cost of technical transformation increasing 10 300.00 yuan per barn. The loading amount of one seamless hanging tobacco clip increased two times. The loading amount of one fluecured house of seamless hanging tobacco clip was increased by 34%. The coal consumption and power consumption decreased by 0.31 kg/kg and 014（kw·h）/kg respectively， the energy consumption decreased by 0.22 yuan/kg. The proportion of superior grade， proportion of orange leaves and average price were higher than traditional loading leaf with pole 4.74%，0.58% and 1.08 yuan/kg respectively，the contents of starch of curing leaves decreased by 1.92%， and the harmony of chemical components was better.[Conclusion]The leaf quality of tobacco was improved ， labours were reduced， cost was decreased， efficiency was increased after using this device.
　　Key wordsSeamless hanging tobacco clip；Tobacco；Dispersed leavescuring；Traditional loading leaf with pole；Labour
　　近年來，散叶烘烤在全国各地烟区陆续开展，一般有散堆式、筐式、插扦、箱式等散叶装烟方式[1-4]，该技术具有烟叶烤黄烤香的潜势，能省去编烟上竿和卸烟下竿等操作环节，提高烘烤效率，有利于节能降耗、减工降本，实现国家烟草专卖局提出的专业化分级、散叶收购的目标[5-10]。但该技术仍存在一些问题，尤其是烟叶凋萎后倒伏会影响通风的均匀性和排湿效果，因此对装烟技术和烘烤工艺要求较高。自卧式密集烤房推广以来，极大改善了烟叶烘烤质量[11-12]。但现行的密集烘烤技术大多采用常规挂竿装烟方式烘烤，限制了密集烤房的装烟量，导致编烟劳动投入成本高，且密集烤房的装烟密度和烘烤效率未能充分发挥[2]。刘卫华等[13]、杨学书等[14]采取增加密集烤房层数，提高烤房容量30%；陈勇华等[15]采取散叶堆积烘烤单炕增加鲜烟叶1 108.5 kg，但仍存在编烟用工量大或烘烤技术难度大等问题。王建安等[16]设计的快速悬挂烟夹在装烟时利用自身的框架结构把烟叶圈拢到固定位置，没有使用弹簧或强劲外力夹持烟叶，减少了劳动用工，提高了烟叶的烘烤品质。首安发等[17]设计了一种快速笼式烟夹，装烟量比常规挂竿多50%以上，有效提高了烤房烘烤能力；王文超等[18]研究表明，针式烟夹、弹簧式烟夹、发夹式烟夹单炕装烟鲜量分别增加717.0、318.0和489.0 kg，但装烟量最多的针式烟夹装烟量仅有4 057.0 kg，且部分烟夹仍存在烟夹中间部分的烤后烟叶较光滑、平板和结构紧密等问题[19]。为此，在基本不改变烘烤工艺[20]、减少编烟劳动投入成本和提高装烟量的基础上，有机结合两排钢针插入鲜烟叶和机械固定烟叶原理，研制了适用于散叶烘烤的无缝悬挂烟夹，以提高烤房的装烟密度，改善烟叶烘烤质量，实现减工降本的生产目的。

相关热词搜索：适用于 烘烤 无缝 悬挂 研制